The only narration about Saqifa in al-Kafi

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ظَهَرَ الْفَسادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ بِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ قَالَ ذَاكَ وَ اللَّهِ حِينَ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ .

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husyan, fom Ali Bin Al-No’man, from Ibn Muskaan, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who has said: Abu Ja’far (a.s.) regarding the Statement of the Mighty and Majestic: “[30:41] Corruption has appeared in the land and the sea on account of what the hands of men have wrought”, he (a.s.) said: ‘By Allah (azwj), that was when the ‘Al-Ansar’ (Helpers) said, ‘from us should be an Emir (commander), and from you should be an Emir’ (referring to Saqifa).

Al-Kafi, vol-8, Hadith #19

Declared Sahih by al-Majlisi in Mirat (5/129).

[Rationalist]

Don't they also have a narration comparing the party of Saqifa to the cow worshipping of Bani Israel?

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Perhaps this one.

حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ
 غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا النَّقَّاضِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عليه السلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ صَارُوا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ هَارُونَ (عليه السلام) وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْعِجْلَ وَ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ وَ إِنَّ عُمَرَ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ وَ إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَدْعُو إِلَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ الدَّجَّالُ إِلَّا سَيَجِدُ مَنْ يُبَايِعُهُ وَ مَنْ رَفَعَ رَايَةَ ضَلَالَةٍ فَصَاحِبُهَا طَاغُوتٌ.

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al-Kindy, from someone else, from his companions, from Abaan Bin Usmaan, from Abu Ja’far Al-Ahowl, and Al-Fazeyl Bin Yasaar, from Zakariyya Al-Naqqaaz, who has narrated the following: I heard Abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying: ‘After the Rasool Allah (saww), the people became of the status of the one who followed Haroun (as) and the one who followed the calf. And Abu Bakr called, so Ali (a.s.) refused except for the Quran. And Umar called, so Ali (a.s.) refused except for the Quran. And Usman called, so Ali (a.s.) refused except for the Quran. And there is no one who will call, up to the coming out of Al-Dajjaal (la), except that he will find the one who pledges his allegiance to him. And the one who raises a banner of misguidance, so its owner is a tyrant’.

Source:
al-Kafi, vol-8, hadith #456

Grading:
1. Allama Majlisi said Majhul, in Mir'at al Uqul (6/346)
2. Baqir Behbudi said sahih, in Sahih al-Kafi (3/402)

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..

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And here is what Ali bin Ibrahim al-Qummi had said about Samiri.

[ 27826 ] وعن علي بن إبراهيم ، ( عن أبيه ) رفعه قال : أوحى
الله إلى موسى أن لا تقتل السامري فإنه سخي .
 ورواه الصدوق مرسلا.

He (the Imam) has said, ‘Allah the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, sent revelation to Moses and told him not to kill the Samiriy because he was a generous person. (Marfu hadith)

الكافي 4 : 41 | 13 ، وأورده عن الفقيه في الحديث 6 من الباب 2 من أبواب ما تجب فيه الزكاة.

(From Wasail al-Shia vol-21)